LAN structured cabling: RJ45 copper cables and patchcords, keystone modules, sockets, plugs, and network connectors

What is a structured network and why is it important?

Definition and principles of a structured network

Structured Ethernet is a comprehensive telecommunications transmission system designed for a wide range of applications, such as data, voice and video transmission. A structured network consists of passive components such as copper cables, fiber optics, outlets, patch panels and other components that connect distribution points and end users within a single, cohesive infrastructure. Structured cabling is a system of universal telecommunications cabling that provides flexibility and the ability to easily expand the network in the future.

The importance of correct structured cabling in LANs

Correct structured cabling is crucial to LAN performance and reliability. The quality of data transmission, minimizing interference and ensuring stable operation of the entire network infrastructure depends on proper management of the vertical and horizontal cabling system. Correct design and installation of a structured network allows efficient transmission of data at speeds appropriate to the needs of users.

Differences between categories (cat) of cables in LANs, throughput levels

Categories of structured cabling determine the maximum throughput and frequency of operation of a particular type of cable. The most common categories are:

• Category 5e: Cables in this category support frequencies up to 100 MHz and bandwidths up to 1 Gbps.
• Category 6: These cables operate at frequencies up to 250 MHz and offer bandwidths of up to 10 Gbps over distances of up to 55 meters.
• Category 6a: This category supports frequencies up to 500 MHz and bandwidths of 10 Gbps over distances up to 100 meters.
• Category 7: Cables in this category support frequencies up to 600 MHz and bandwidths up to 10 Gbps. They feature better shielding than Category 6a, which minimizes electromagnetic interference. They are mainly used in industrial and data center environments where there are a large number of interference-generating devices.
• Category 7a: These cables support frequencies up to 1000 MHz and bandwidths up to 10 Gbps. They are designed for applications where very high bandwidth and minimal interference are required, such as professional audio/video systems.
• Category 8.1: Cables in this category support frequencies up to 2000 MHz and offer bandwidths of up to 25 Gbps over distances of up to 30 meters. They are mainly used in data centers where very high bandwidth and low latency are required.
• Category 8.2: The newest standard, cables in this category support frequencies up to 2000 MHz and offer bandwidths of up to 40 Gbps over distances of up to 30 meters. Category 8.2 is designed for use in the most demanding network environments, such as data centers, where maximum performance and minimum latency are key.

The cables also differ in the type of shielding. Category 8.2 offers advanced shielding methods that further reduce electromagnetic interference, allowing for reliable data transmission even in the most demanding conditions.

What are the types of RJ45 cables and how to use them?

RJ45 cable specifications, their use and comparison

RJ45 cables are the standard medium for data transmission in LANs. They come in different categories, such as 5e, 6 and 6a, which affects their bandwidth and frequency of operation. RJ45 cables can be shielded (FTP) or unshielded (UTP), which affects resistance to electromagnetic interference.

Which RJ45 cable to choose for a structured cabling system: cat 5/6/7/8?

Choosing the right RJ45 cable depends on the technical specifications of the network and the needs of the users. For most office applications, category 5e is sufficient, but for more demanding applications, such as high-definition video transmission, it is worth investing in category 6 or 6a cables.

How to carry out an effective structured cabling installation?

The most important steps in network cabling installation

1. Planning: Determine network requirements and prepare an installation plan.
2. Material selection: Selecting the right cables, outlets, patchcords and other components.
3. Installation: Installing cables in accordance with EN 50173 standards, installing outlets and keystones.
4. Testing: Checking correctness of installation and quality of connections.

Selection of suitable sockets and keystones for LAN.

Sockets and keystones are key components in LANs, as they are used to connect end devices. Choosing the right components depends on the category of cabling and the technical specifications of the network. It is important that they are compatible with the cables used and ensure reliable connections.

What do the terms UTP and FTP mean in the context of network cabling?

Differences between UTP and FTP cables in LANs

UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) and FTP (Foiled Twisted Pair) cables differ in the way they are shielded. UTP are unshielded, making them cheaper and easier to install, but less resistant to electromagnetic interference. FTP are shielded, making them more resistant to interference, but also more costly and difficult to install.

Advantages and disadvantages of using shielded and unshielded cables

Shielded (FTP) cables offer better protection against interference, which is important in environments with high levels of electromagnetic interference. However, they are more expensive and more difficult to install than unshielded (UTP) cables. UTP cables are easier to install and more flexible, but can be less effective in environments with high levels of interference.

How to ensure an efficient LAN: which cables and patchcords to choose?

Cabling technologies and standards that support high-speed data transmission

Modern cabling technologies, such as Category 6a cables, support high-speed data transmission speeds of up to 10 Gbps. Standards such as EN 50173 ensure that installations follow best practices, minimizing the risk of interference and improving network performance.

The importance of proper management of a structured cabling system

Proper management of the structured cabling system is key to long-term LAN performance and reliability. This includes regular inspection, testing and maintenance to ensure that all connections are in good condition and that the system is optimized to transmit data at maximum speed and minimum disruption.